18. WHAT SORTS OF NEW POLICIES OR PROGRAMS WOULD MAKE IT EASIER FOR YOU TO BECOME MORE INVOLVED IN INCORPORATING SUSTAINABLE BUILDING STRATEGIES INTO YOUR PRIVATELY-FUNDED PROJECTS IN THE FUTURE? (Mark any that apply.)
23 Economic incentives
22 Educational programs
17 Stricter state building code (or local building permitting)
requirements
16 Sustainable design guidelines and construction standards
(voluntary)
More than half of the respondents selected all four of the categories of policies and programs, with almost all selecting economic incentives and educational programs. There was not a significant difference in these responses across professions.
See the following for specific examples of programs and policies that respondents
suggested:
ECONOMIC INCENTIVE examples
(e.g., tax credits, utility rebates, deposits, etc.):
Tax Credits (7 mentions)
property tax exemptions, tax abatements, revenue-neutral taxes, tax credit
to the owner}
State of New Yorks proposed Green Tax Credit legislation (3 mentions)
Utility Rebates (4)
Other
General Comments:
These sorts of programs would help get owners interested in sustainability,
which would in turn force the A/E/C industry to take notice.
Give the architects, builders, and owners some compensation for their efforts.
Concerns:
Tax credits don't work because people tend to abuse them; the thinking is:
If it needs a tax credit, it can't really be ready for the market.
I believe in a non-subsidized market.
Don't provide incentives which perpetuate a false economy.
I'm leery about these. Green design should stand on its own.
EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM examples
(e.g., demonstration projects, workshops, etc.):
Continuing Education (workshops, conferences, seminars)
(10 mentions)
local workshops and conferences
seminars for architects, HVAC engineers, owners, managers
workshops for engineers and architects
Non-governmental:
free workshops sponsored by local environmental groups
workshops sponsored by medical groups on the topics of IAQ and health risks from
exposure to environmental pollution due to standard materials manufacturing/processing.
Some environmental groups already do this, but are not widely accepted due to the
perception that they are leftist, extremist, alarmists.
AIA education for spec. writers
Demonstration Projects
(5 mentions)
People would be much more interested in sustainable devices/materials if they
saw them in common use; "fear of the unknown."
You can't do enough of these. It's always better to lead by example.
Case Studies: Analysis and Documentation of Performance and Cost
(5 mentions)
documented case studies
repository, maybe on the Internet, of independently checked case studies with
uniform performance and cost data
We need to be able to document the costs and benefits of sustainability for all
stakeholders.
Develop a better database of the costs of maintenance of good vs. mediocre systems.
We believe that the most effective means for achieving environmental goals in the
construction industry is clear demonstration of the economic benefits of Green Buildings.
Its more effective than legislation; indeed, "carrots" motivate better
than "sticks."
Curricula
(2 mentions)
academic courses for students
more information in standard high school and college curricula about the effects
and solutions of the building industry
General Comments:
There should be ongoing education and training for construction industry
professionals at all levels, in all fields of the industry.
Education is the key; how is the problem.
More manufacturer awareness and research is needed.
People will only believe by seeing what is possible, and then having appropriate
education/training opportunities to enable them to incorporate these practices as
fundamental considerations.
We need programs not just about products which are common, but about concepts,
systems, and maintenance and operation of systems.
If the public is well informed, they will demand environmentally responsible
buildings and spaces.
The most effective means of learning about new technologies or alternative
approaches (according to a recent Georgia Tech survey) is via demo projects or
documentation of new technologies in credible publications, such as Fine Homebuilding.
Non-governmental: homeowner education in Good Housekeeping-type magazines
BUILDING REGULATIONS examples
(e.g., state building code, local permitting requirements, etc.):
Stricter code regulations
Energy:
(7 mentions)
increased adoption of Model Energy Codes
stricter energy codes
minimum requirements to consider solar energy systems
more stringent energy consumption constraints and HVAC criteria
criteria in energy standards that reflect life-cycle economics and finance
Indoor Air Quality:
(5 mentions)
adopting/implementing/enforcing greater Indoor Air Quality standards, which by
default would require the use of many more appropriate materials
stricter regulation of VOC emitting materials
building material emission standards
Solid Waste:
stricter regulation of waste generation
a requirement that the manufacturer of a product be responsible for its eventual
disposal or recycling
Recycled-Content Materials:
minimum requirements/quotas to use recycled-content materials (2)
Site Impact:
stricter regulation of site impact
stormwater runoff regulations
Other types of code regulations suggested:
cradle to grave requirements on
materials, mandated ecological considerations
daylight access requirements for work
spaces
Raise construction quality standards to
require longevity of structures and systems.
Local regulations
lower building permit requirements in exchange for construction waste
recycling efforts
zoning regulations to prevent sprawl
(See Site Impact suggestions above.)
General Comments:
Public entities may say they want sustainable development, but code, zoning,
and other regulations do not reflect that desire.
Over the last 5-7 years, considerable progress has been made in promoting
sustainable building, with finance and code approvals taking up the laggard positions.
Elevate building codes to include environmental as well as human health and safety
considerations.
Building codes should reflect the reality of health, safety, and accessibility
issues. Too often they're changed simply to ensure that subcontractors are kept employed
continually making changes to building to keep up with code changes.
Performance-based codes are more valuable in developing new ways of doing work.
Making recycling mandatory in all sectors would add a whole new element into the
job market.
Concerns:
Code regulation is not a significant factor.
Sustainable building should not be mandated, but should be market driven.
Regulation is OK as long as there's a carrot to accompany the stick.
Enforcement of existing codes is needed.
We need increased case-by-case flexibility for individuals wanting to try
alternative building technologies, such as reused dimensional lumber. (Recently I had a
technical assistance call from a builder who wanted to do this, but was given the
run-around by local code officials who were unwilling to stick their necks out.)
The building codes are getting out of hand. We are using at least 35% more material
in the industry as we were 25 years ago. Just because we have a disaster in Florida does
not mean that the whole country should have to comply with tighter regulations.
VOLUNTARY GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS examples
(e.g., design guidelines, construction standards, etc.):
Examples of existing guidelines
New York Citys High Performance Guidelines
New Hampshire's Minimum Impact Development Guidelines
Suggestions
Non-governmental:
The USGBC needs to further its LEED Rating System.
ASHRAE should establish guidelines, as well.
There should be a "Green Sweets" and a more standardized "Green
Spec" with evaluation criteria of building performance.
No green building certification is available; this is a problem to be addressed.
General Comments:
These should become standard operating procedures, as in some European countries--not voluntary.
Concerns:
We need consensus standards on
what a green building really is and on what sustainable development should include, to
make major
reductions in greenwash by product manufacturers.
There are already many of these
guidelines out there, but they suffer from unclear scopes and lack of
common definitions of
what sustainability is. Many are also too vague to provide concrete assistance
regarding what to do,
and all could use some help in assisting in prioritizing. After all, everyone is
working under limited
resource constraints.
Although these are available, it would
be of great help to increase their availability.
Guidelines are not a big deal, since the
market is educating itself as it is.